Sources:

• How to install MySQL in Ubuntu 19.10
• Install MySQL Server on the Ubuntu operating system

sudo apt install mysql-server

Vérifier que le serveur tourne :

sudo systemctl status mysql.service

● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2020-03-24 02:34:19 CET; 5min ago
 Main PID: 20760 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
    Tasks: 39 (limit: 4915)
   Memory: 380.4M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
           └─20760 /usr/sbin/mysqld

sudo mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.

VALIDATE PASSWORD COMPONENT can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component?

Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No:

Sur une machine de développement, pour ne pas se compliquer la vie, répondre N.

Please set the password for root here.

New password:

Re-enter new password:

Entrer un mot de passe pour root.

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :

Répondre Y pour ne pas autoriser les login anonymes.

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :

Répondre Y pour ne pas autoriser le login de root à distance.

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.

Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :

Répondre Y pour supprimer la base de données de test.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :

Répondre Y pour recharger la table des privilèges.

All done!

Tester l'accès :

sudo mysql -h localhost -u root -p

Taper exit pour sortir.